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acme.sh: acme.sh is a shell script that provides an alternative way to obtain and manage SSL/TLS certificates. It is a lightweight and versatile tool that can be used on a wide variety of web servers, including Apache, Nginx, and HAProxy. acme.sh uses the ACME protocol to communicate with Let's Encrypt and other certificate authorities, and supports a variety of verification methods, including DNS, HTTP, and TLS-SNI. Here's an example Python code that uses acme.sh to obtain a certificate for a domain:

import subprocess
# set the domain name and web root directory
domain = "example.com"
webroot = "/var/www/html"
# run the acme.sh command to obtain a certificate
cmd = f"acme.sh --issue --webroot {webroot} -d {domain}"
subprocess.run(cmd.split())

ZeroSSL: ZeroSSL is a web-based certificate management tool that provides an alternative to Certbot. It allows you to obtain and manage SSL/TLS certificates through a web interface, without the need to install any software on your server. ZeroSSL supports both Let's Encrypt and Sectigo certificate authorities, and offers a variety of verification methods, including HTTP, DNS, and Email. Here's an example Python code that uses ZeroSSL to obtain a certificate for a domain:

import requests
# set the domain name and email address
domain = "example.com"
email = "user@example.com"
# make a request to ZeroSSL to obtain a certificate
response = requests.post("https://zerossl.com/api/v2/certificates", json={
    "email": email,
    "domains": [domain],
    "certificate_validity_days": 90,
    "validation_methods": ["http", "https", "dns"]
})
# get the certificate data from the response
certificate = response.json()["certificate"]
private_key = response.json()["key"]

ego: lego is a command-line tool that provides an alternative to Certbot for managing SSL/TLS certificates. It supports a variety of web servers, including Apache, Nginx, and Caddy, and uses the ACME protocol to communicate with Let's Encrypt and other certificate authorities. lego offers a wide range of features, including support for wildcard certificates, DNS validation, and certificate bundling. Here's an example Python code that uses lego to obtain a certificate for a domain: